A thermometer is a device which measures temperature or temperature gradient, using a variety of different principles. The word thermometer is derived from two smaller word fragments: thermo from the Latin (or Greek) for heat and meter from Latin, meaning to measure.
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Contents
- 1 Early History
- 2 Types of thermometers
- 3 Specialist uses of thermometers
- 4 See also
- 5 External links
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Early History
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The first thermometer was a thermoscope. Different versions of the thermoscope were invented by several inventors around the same time. The first to put a numerical scale on the thermoscopes was the Italian inventor Santorio Santorio. In 1593, Galileo Galilei invented a rudimentary water thermometer (using the contraction of air to draw water up a tube). In 1714, Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit invented the first mercury thermometer.
Types of thermometers
Mercury-in-glass thermometer
Thermometers have been built which utilise a range of physical effects to measure temperature. Most thermometers are originally calibrated to a constant-volume gas thermometer.
- Mercury-in-glass thermometer
- Bi-metal mechanical thermometer
- Electrical resistance thermometer
- Galileo thermometer
- Infrared thermometer
- Liquid Crystal Thermometer
- Maximum minimum thermometer
- Reversing thermometer
- Silicon bandgap temperature sensor
- Six's thermometer
- Thermistor
- Thermocouple
Specialist uses of thermometers
- Candy thermometer
- Meat thermometer
- Medical thermometer
See also
Wikimedia Commons has media related to:
Measuring instruments (temperature)
- Timeline of temperature and pressure measurement technology
External links
- Development of the thermometer
- Making a Homemade Thermometer
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